NicolePal

=Egyptian Society during the Ramesside period, Dynasties XIX and XX =

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Oral Presentation by Nicole Pal.
4.2 personal religion: magic and personal piety Source 1 The stelae of Bai, dating to the 19th century, originating at Dier-el-Medina. This source provides evidence for the development of personal religion and worship.

Source 2 Letters record the wishes people expressed when praying to Thoth:

Another matter, in the words of the Chantress of Amun Esenofre: How are you?! My desire to see you is so great! My eyes are as big as Memphis because I am hungry to see you. And I am here, saying to Thoth and the gods of Perdjehuty: "Cause that you be healthy; cause that you live; cause that you be favoured for all that you do.

19th dynasty P Northumberland I John Baines Egyptian Letters of the New Kingdom as Evidence for Religious Practice, p.20 Provides evidence of the complete faith and personal connection that Egyptians had with their Gods.

This source goes between 2 and 3.

The remains of a worker’s house at Deir el-Medina c. 20th Dynasty. As the demise of the came about in the XX Dynasty, the architecture is reminiscent of those last few hundred years, proving this source to be relevant and valuable.

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Source 3 Kohl Recipient: the god Bes New Kingdom, late Eighteenth Dynasty, circa 1400-1300 BC

Serves as evidence for the following of the household deity Bes, and emphasises the importance of his power over the Egyptian household, because these stelae were found commonly.

Source 4 “Tell your requests to the Cow of Gold, to the Lady of Happiness...may she give us excellent children, happiness, and a good husbands...If cakes are placed before her, she will not be angry”

The Goddess Of Egypt By Barbara S. Lesko Originally P.Kahun iii.3 letter 11, in E. Wente, Letters from Ancient Egypt, 82.

Authenticates the importance of the Goddess Hathor in the home and lives of the common people, who had a personal connection with her.

Source 5 Stele of Mutnofret to Renenutet From Dier el-Medina. Quoted as 18th-19th Dynasty Artist Unknown

Provided evidence of the devotion showed to Renenutet, the goddess of harvest, even by the other Gods. Emphasising her importance.

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Source 6

Shall one take the hut of Baki, my ancestor, that is in the Great Field on account of the share of Sekhmet-nofret, Oh, my Great Light?" And the god moved backwards emphatically. Then one said to him, "Shall one give it to Kha-em-waset?" And the god moved forwards emphatically. Witnessed by the chief workman Khonsu, the chief workman In-her-khau, all the bearers.

Author Unknown Found as 19th Dynasty, Deir el-Medina Provides the evidence to substantiate that oracles were used for legal reasons. Emphasizes their sway in Egyptian culture.

Bibliography.

Websites

‘Deir el-Medina’s Work Village, Ancient Egypt. A detailed guide to the archaeological sites of the Nile Valley and desert areas of Egypt’ Entry Written – 2009, Creation of site, Su Bayfield Egyptologist. Retrieved March 5th, from: []

‘The Oracle in Ancient Egypt’, by Marie Parsons. (Copyright 1999-2005) Retrieved March 7th from: []

Deir el-Medina Stelae in the Egyptian Museum in Turin. Su Bayfield and Lenka Paddock, 2008. Retrieved March 7th from: []

The Stelae of Ancient Egypt, 2005, Randy L. Jordan. Retrieved March 8th from: []

Egyptian Antiquities : Objects from Everyday Life, The Official Louvre website. Technical Credits Design and development: Capgemini Web hosting: Atos Worldline Third party maintenance : Atos Worldline Retrieved March 7th from: []

Books

• Religion in Ancient Egypt: Gods, Myth and Personal Practice, by John Baines, Leonard B. Hesko, David P. Silverman. Published by Cornell University Press, 1991 • The Great Goddesses of Egypt by Barbara S. Lesko, Edition: illustrated. Published by University of Oklahoma Press, 1999 • Seventh International Congress of Egyptologists, Cambridge, 3-9 September 1995: Abstracts of Papers, By Christopher Eyre, International Association of Egyptologists. Published by Published by Oxbow Books ... for International Association of Egyptologists, 1995 • Private life in New Kingdom Egypt By Lynn Meskel. Edition: illustrated. Published by Princeton University Press, 2002